Railway Requirements Analysis and Reservation Essay Example

Railroad: Requirements Analysis and Reservation Essay Railroad Reservation System Requirements Specification Table of Contents 1. Introduction3 1. 1Goals and Purpose3 1. 2Scope of Project3 1. 3Definiton Abbreviations4 1. 4 References 1. 5Overview4 2. Generally Description5 2. 1Product Perspective 2. 2 Product Function 2. 3 User Characteristics 2. 4 General Constraints 2. 5 Assumptions Dependencies 5 3. Explicit Requirement6 3. 1External Interface Requirement6 3. 1. 1 User Interface 3. 1. 2 Hardware Interface 3. 1. 3 Software Interface 3. 1. 4 Communication Interface 3. 2Functional Reqiuerment7 3. 3Performance Requirement8 3. 4Design Requirement 3. Traits 3. 6 Others Requiremnt 9 Requirement Specification Introduction The Railway Reservation System is an online application for helping client or railroad director in overseeing reservation in a Railway Department. The framework would give essential arrangement of highlights to lead reservation or retraction, train planning timing, look for accessible reservation, and oversee registration/c heckout forms. The accompanying record gives the key necessities particulars to the framework dependent on the client’s proclamation of need. Objectives and Purpose The Railway Reservation framework would have the accompanying key objectives: Provide a GUI for client to interface with the backend database Screens to reservation/retraction database Screens to prepare plan Screens to look for a train/seats dependent on client driven boundaries Minimize the general time 2 Scope of Project The primary extension and expectations of the venture would be: Easy, Fast and effective working Easy route for crossing out and reservation of the tickets. Get accurate data about trains, accessible seat, charges, and so forth. Quicker correspondence The key achievements and expectations of the venture would be as per the following: |Tasks |Deliverable |Due date | |Prepare definite client |User Requirements Specification |, 2008 | |requirements record | |Review the prerequisites and |Requirements Review Checklist | |update the necessities report |Template. | |and get customer close down |Updated URS (Version 2. ) | |High Level Design of use |HLDD | |system | |Test Plan for application |Test Plan Document | |Detailed Design Document |Unit Design Document | |Prototype |Code GUI screens | |Test Cases and Report |Test report | |System Demo |Demonstration | 1. 3. Definition Abbreviations AARS: Automated Railway Reservation System 3 References Railway reservation site Google Books 1. 5 Overview The result of the necessities elicitation process is prerequisites record, which incorporate utilitarian prerequisites, interface prerequisites, execution prerequisites, plan limitations, Preliminary Object-Oriented Domain Analysis, operational situations and others necessities. Generally speaking Description 1 Product Perspective We will compose a custom exposition test on Railway: Requirements Analysis and Reservation explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Railway: Requirements Analysis and Reservation explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Railway: Requirements Analysis and Reservation explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The Automated Railway Reservation System chart indicating the outline of the system’s modules and the relationship of the framework to outer interfaces is introduced in Figure 2. 1. [pic] Functions of System Components: Database: †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Stores information †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Creates reports †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Provides access to information †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Updates data Server: †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Provides access to the database †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Authenticates clients †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Processes reservations †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Performs reinforcements †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Produces reports External Interfaces: Terminal †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Users use terminals to get to the server †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Passengers and trip specialists use terminals to hold the tickets and to get data about the accessible seats on specific trains. †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Railroad organization may utilize terminals to see the reports produced by the database programming. PCs †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Users (travelers, trip specialists, and railroad organization) may utilize PCs to get a remote access to the server and the booking database by means of the Internet. PDAs †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Server as a vehicle of getting to the server and the booking database. †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Passengers may utilize PDAs and the most recent media transmission advancements to get to the server and the booking database by means of Internet, or they may utilize mobile phones to call trip specialists to ask about railroad and ticket data. PC Hardware and Peripheral Equipment to be utilized: †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â 32 workstations, which incorporate CPUs, screens, consoles, and mice †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Printers †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Network †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Terminals †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Cell telephones to test association with the server by means of remote access 2 Product Functions. The item fundamental capacity is to give usefulness to defeat the difficult which is looked by the current framework. This item helps any sort of client to realize every single thing in regards to reservation in any train. It additionally assists with giving data in regards to railroads by methods for telephone so work can done quick and in exceptionally effective way. 3 User Characteristics The principle clients of the framework will be the travelers purchasing train tickets, the trip specialists that procedure bookings for travelers, and the CRM organization that get to the reports created by the framework. The clients are not required to have information in the PC field. The graphical interface gives a simple method of utilizing the ARRS framework with least of preparing. 4 General Constraints. The Product is created utilizing Microsoft Visual Basic 6. 0. The backend database for this SQL Server. The item is cultivated with login office so explicit capacity is accessible to explicit clients . Under this equipment, programming and structure limitations we consider. 2. 5 Assumptions and conditions The suppositions for the venture are: †¢Ã¢ â â â â â There are five classes of tickets as recorded beneath ?  ¦Ã¢ â â â â â Sleeping (delicate) compartment style mentors 4 traveler for each compartment ?  ¦Ã¢ â â â â â Sleeping (hard) compartment sty le mentors 6 traveler for each compartment ?  ¦Ã¢ â â â â â Sitting (delicate) normal five star mentor ?  ¦Ã¢ â â â â â Sitting (hard) traveler class lounge chair ?  ¦Ã¢ â â â â â Standing (hard and delicate sitting mentors just) †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Reservation can be made as long as one month before a specific excursion. †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Seats are alloted during reservation. †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Phone reservation includes tickets being bought inside 24 hours subsequent to reserving the spot. Something else, the booking will be dropped. †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â No reservations can be made 48 hours preceding the outing. Or maybe, it will be done on an initially start things out serve premise starting there on. †¢ †¢Ã¢ â â â â â Passenger records will be given to conductors at each stop. 3. Outside Interface Requirement 3. 1. 1 User Interfaces User Interface assumes the most significant job for correspondence among client and programming item. The interface should introduce and obtain data in a reliable style. 3. 1. 2 Hardware Interfaces ? Working System: Windows XP/ME ? Processor: Pentiumâ 3. 0 GHz ? Slam: 256 Mb ? Hard Drive: 10 GB 3. Programming Interfaces  ¬Ã¢ â â â â â â â â â â Database: SQL Server.            Application: Visual Basic 3. 2. Utilitarian Requirements This rundown of Functional and non useful prerequisites which are material to the Railway Reservation System. This area ought to portray a lot of situations that represent, from the clients point of view, what will be experienced while using the framework under different circumstances. In the wide sense, a situation is essentially a proposed explicit utilization of the framework. A lot of situations is spoken to below_: Use Case: Indian Railways accommodates booking ahead of time on all significant distance travel. The traveler looking for reservation of billet or seats should buy the tickets from Railway Reservation Offices . To make a development booking, the traveler is relied upon to fill in an endorsed application shape and submit it to the reservation counter with the proper sum. Bookings ahead of time are made as long as 60 days ahead of time for all trains, for all classes select of the day of flight of trains. An individual can book just up to six travelers on one order structure gave all travelers are to a similar goal and for a similar train. Indian Railways wishes to build up a tagging and reservation framework. This must help advance booking of tickets, abrogation of tickets and change of class of a ticket. All these are dealt with by a Reservation Clerk. The framework will likewise have a web-interface where clients can enroll themselves and buy tickets on the web. They can pay either by utilizing their web based financial record or with Mastercard or by VPP. Reservations made over the web must be dropped over the counter. The framework will al

Changes to womens lifes in inter-war Britain Essay

Changes to womens lifes in between war Britain - Essay Example These progressions contributed tremendously to the accomplishment of equivalent rights with men. The reason for this paper is to investigate the progressions in women’s lives during the interwar period in Britain. All the more explicitly, the paper will look at the progressions in women’s lives concerning wellbeing, work, and governmental issues. In the interwar period, women’s lives in Britain improved, particularly in the domains of work, wellbeing, and governmental issues. Ladies testimonial developments picked up force, and their notoriety increased far reaching acknowledgment all through Britain. Subsequently, ladies persecution declined extensively as ladies looked for equivalent portrayal in the different parts of their every day life (Laybourn 1999, p.114). One of the zones in which ladies gained amazing ground was in the field of business. In contrast to the years prior to the war, the interwar period saw ladies work issues tended to with various endeavo rs being set up to guarantee that business privileges of ladies in Britain were investigated with a great deal of astuteness (Constantine 1983, p.33). From 1918 to 1939, the quantity of British working in ventures rose fundamentally. In 1914, the quantity of ladies utilized in British ventures and other easygoing occupations was just 2000; by 1920, the number remained at 247, 000. The expansion in the quantity of working ladies in Britain prompted an augmentation in the genuine wages; this affected family unit salaries, which expanded significantly. Therefore, the status of ladies improved as they had the capacity to accommodate themselves and not really rely upon their spouses. The mechanical situation of ladies encountered some upset because of the war. Ladies got a chance to work in the paid work showcase, where they could be genuinely compensated for the work they did. English ladies increased significant opportunity during the interwar period. They shaped worker's organizations and entryway gatherings, which supported for their privileges at the work environment and their acknowledgment as vital players in financial turn of events (Eichengreen 1988, p. 149). The development of worker's guilds was for the most part encouraged by the endeavors of the League and Guild ladies. Probably the most compelling worker's organizations framed during this period incorporated the National Federation of Women Workers (NFWW), the Railway Women’s Guild (RWG) and Women’s Trade Union League (WTUL). The quantity of ladies working in the common help likewise expanded essentially. In 1911, the quantity of British ladies in the working environment used to be 33, 000, yet this number had expanded to 102, 000 out of 1921. English ladies had a chance to advocate for their privileges in the working environment through the presentation of Sex Disqualification Removal Act, in 1919. This demonstration allowed ladies to enter certain callings, which were recently saved fo r men. What's more, around 2,000,000 British ladies supplanted men in work positions. From July 1914 to December 1918, the all out number of utilized ladies in Britain expanded from 24 percent to 37 percent. Working states of ladies in Britain additionally improved impressively during the interwar period (Constantine 1983, p.34). The order of the Industrial Courts Act of 1919 additionally uplifted worker's guild exercises during the interwar period (Eichengreen 1988, p.151). Somewhere in the range of 1918 and 1930, Britain saw the death of around 23 enactments, which planned for agreeing ladies equivalent rights with men. The deluge of ladies in

Understanding Abnormal Psychology

Understanding Abnormal Psychology Theories Print Understanding Abnormal Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 03, 2019 Laguna Design / Science Photo Library / Getty Images More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Perspectives Psychological Disorders Abnormalities View All Back To Top Abnormal psychology is a branch of psychology that deals with psychopathology and abnormal behavior, often in a clinical context. The term covers a broad range of disorders, from depression to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to personality disorders. Counselors, clinical psychologists, and psychotherapists often work directly in this field. Overview In order to understand abnormal psychology, its essential to first understand what we mean by the term abnormal. On the surface, the meaning seems obvious; abnormal indicates something thats outside of the norm. Many human behaviors can follow what is known as the normal curve. Looking at this bell-shaped curve, the majority of individuals are clustered around the highest point of the curve, which is known as the average. People who fall very far at either end of the normal curve might be considered abnormal. Its important to note that the distinctions between normal and abnormal are not synonymous with good or bad. Consider a characteristic such as intelligence. A person who falls at the very upper end of the curve would fit under our definition of abnormal; this person would also be considered a genius. Obviously, this is an instance where falling outside of the norms is actually a good thing. When you think about abnormal psychology, rather than focus on the distinction between what is normal and what is abnormal, focus instead on the level of distress or disruption that a troubling behavior might cause. If a behavior is causing problems in a persons life or is disruptive to other people, then this would be an abnormal behavior that may require some type of mental health intervention. Perspectives There are a number of different perspectives used in abnormal psychology. While some psychologists or psychiatrists may focus on a single viewpoint, many mental health professionals use elements from multiple areas in order to better understand and treat psychological disorders. These perspectives include: The psychoanalytic approach:  This perspective has its roots in the theories of Sigmund Freud.?? The psychoanalytic approach suggests that many abnormal behaviors stem from unconscious thoughts, desires,  and memories. While these feelings are outside of awareness, they are still believed to influence conscious actions. Therapists who take this approach believe that by analyzing memories, behaviors, thoughts, and even dreams, people can uncover and deal with some of the feelings that have been leading to maladaptive behaviors and distress.The behavioral approach:  This approach to abnormal psychology focuses on observable behaviors.?? In behavioral therapy, the focus is on reinforcing positive behaviors and not reinforcing maladaptive behaviors. The behavioral approach targets only the behavior itself, not the underlying causes. When dealing with abnormal behavior, a behavioral therapist might utilize strategies such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning to help eliminat e unwanted behaviors and teach new behaviors.The medical approach:  This approach to abnormal psychology focuses on the biological causes of mental illness, emphasizing understanding the underlying cause of disorders, which might include genetic inheritance, related physical illnesses, infections, and chemical imbalances. Medical treatments are often pharmacological in nature, although medication is often used in conjunction with some type of psychotherapy.The cognitive approach:  The cognitive approach to abnormal psychology focuses on how internal thoughts, perceptions,  and reasoning contribute to psychological disorders. Cognitive treatments typically focus on helping the individual change his or her thoughts or reactions. Cognitive therapy might also be used in conjunction with behavioral methods in a technique known as cognitive behavioral therapy  (CBT). Types of Psychological Disorders Psychological disorders are defined as patterns of behavioral or psychological symptoms that impact multiple areas of life. These mental disorders create distress for the person experiencing symptoms. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and is used by mental health professionals for a variety of purposes. The manual contains a listing of psychiatric disorders, diagnostic codes, information on the prevalence of each disorder, and diagnostic criteria. Some of the categories of psychological disorders include: Substance use disordersMood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorderAnxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorderNeurodevelopmental disorders, such as an intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorderNeurocognitive disorders like deliriumPersonality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder, avoidant personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder How Understanding Abnormalities Can Improve Lives Abnormal psychology may focus on atypical behavior, but its focus is not to ensure that all people fit into a narrow definition of normal. In most cases, it is centered on identifying and treating problems that may be causing distress or impairment in some aspect of an individuals life. By better understanding what is abnormal, researchers and therapists can come up with new ways to help people live healthier and more fulfilling lives.

Autism Is A Pervasive Developmental Disorder - 1796 Words

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that is characterized by a person’s difficulty to communicate. This is due to neurological or biological dysfunction, and is usually diagnosed during early childhood. Autism Spectrum Disorder is more prevalent in boys than in girls. These children can present symptoms of limited or no speech development; they only use direct communication for immediate needs such as water, bathroom or sleep. Until today, there is no cure for ASD, but there are many types of treatment and interventions, such as Speech Therapy, Occupational Therapy and Behavior Therapy. Researchers today have conducted new studies to revise how ASD can be diagnosed and treated. As I said before, the disorder is commonly†¦show more content†¦ASD has become the second most common childhood developmental disorder that affects brain functioning, social-interaction difficulties, communication challenges and a compromise in repetitive behaviors (Autism Speaks, 2013; Neely et al., 2012). Symptoms of autism spectrum disorder vary in children, some show mild symptoms and some show more severe symptoms. These symptoms include communication deficits such as not being able to understand verbal and nonverbal communication such as interpreting gestures and facial expressions. One example can be a smile because it can have a small meaning for a child diagnosed with autism (Autism Speaks, 2013). Children without autism tend to start speaking earlier than children with autism. In comparison to children with the same age, the autistic has less language and communication skil ls (Autism Speaks). The â€Å"Autism Spectrum Disorder† is a term referring to five disorders described under the category of persuasive developmental disorders (PPDs). The first one is the autistic disorder, which is a disorder when the child has a delay in speaking, doesn’t interact with other children and has repetitive behaviors and interests. Autistic disorder should be diagnosed at young age and is also more prevalent in boys, but girls having it display greater severity of symptoms. The Rett’s disorder only occurs in females. This disorder is characterized by normal development up to 5 months of age and followed by an observable decrease in

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Unsolved Mysteries †Physics Free Essays

Unsolved Mysteries – Beyond the standard model The Standard Model is nowhere near perfect. It may explain the six quarks, leptons, and four forces, but it is not complete. There are still questions about antimatter, dark matter, and the inability for the Standard Model to predict particle mass. We will write a custom essay sample on Unsolved Mysteries – Physics or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is no guarantee that quarks and leptons are actually fundamental. Lastly, scientists still don’t understand gravity’s role. Unsolved Mysteries – The standard model as a theory The Standard Model is not wrong. However, it needs to be added to as it is an incomplete theory. https://donemyessay.com/physics/ If the Standard Model can be expanded to understand mass, gravity, and other important pieces of information. Unsolved Mysteries – Three Generations There are three different sets of quark and lepton pairs, and these sets are called generations. Scientists do not know why there are only three generations, or why they exist in the first place. For example, up/down are first generation quarks, and the electron and its neutrino are the first generation leptons. Unsolved Mysteries – What about masses? The Standard Model also has another major flaw, as it cannot explain why a article has a certain mass. Scientists believe it is linked to something called the Higgs field, and are looking for a Higgs boson. However, these theories are still unconfirmed. Unsolved Mysteries – Grand Unified Theory Scientists have a major goal of creating a theory which will combine all of the fundamental forces into one, which would allow them to understand the universe. It would also give scientists more answers and make study possibly easier. James Maxwell was successful at unifying electricity and magnetism. Unsolved Mysteries – Forces and the Grand Unified Theory There is a belief currently swinging around that forces may merge at high energies. This means that all interactions we observe are all different aspects of the same, unified interaction. This does not make complete sense to scientists, which makes everything confusing. The Grand Unifying Theory also implies that there is a force-carrier particle to cause protons to decay. Unsolved Mysteries – Supersymmetry Another interesting idea is the existence of â€Å"squarks†. These supersymmetric shadow particles need to exist, apparently, for gravity to make sense and be able to e combined with other fundamental theories. Scientists do not know if they actually exist yet. Unsolved Mysteries – String theory The fact that we live in three dimensions means that quantum mechanics, relativity, and gravity do not actually go together too well. There is a belief that particles are strings and membranes which are also involved with very small dimensions. All of this is confusing. Unsolved Mysteries – Extra Dimensions The idea of extra dimensions comes from the fact that, as humans, we cannot see everything. To a smaller creature, these extra dimensions may be more visible. A preterred example is a tlea and a human on a tightrope. although the human can only go one way, the flea has more options. This technically creates another dimension that only the flea can use. Unsolved Mysteries – Dark matter Lastly, there is also the idea that the Earth is not made up of the same material as a majority of the universe. There is invisible dark matter which is involved with gravitational effects. There is also evidence that it is not made up of protons, neutrons, or electrons, but perhaps one of the supersymmetric particles, or something that has yet to be discovered. How to cite Unsolved Mysteries – Physics, Papers

Diego Velazquez Example For Students

Diego Velazquez Biography Biography Diego Rodriguez de Silva y Velà ¡zquez  (1599–1660) Spanish painter of Portuguese descent, born in Seville. At the age of 14 he began to study under Francisco Pacheco, an indifferent artist whose daughter he married. At first working closely from life, he painted genre scenes, such as kitchen interiors, with figures and objects in realistic detail. The strong contrasts of light and shade recall the chiaroscuro of Caravaggio, then becoming popular in Spain. In 1622 and 1623 Velà ¡zquez visited Madrid where he painted his first portrait of Philip IV, which led to his appointment as court painter and to other more or less honorific appointments as his reputation grew. Rubens visited Madrid in 1628 and his influence enabled Velà ¡zquez to go on a two-year visit to Italy (1629–31), which resulted in a softening of the harshness of his early style: colour began to show in the shadows, light and space became his preoccupations, whilst the range of subjects was enlarged. He resumed his position as royal painter on his return. In his royal portraits he avoids flattery but the infantes and infantas have freshness and charm despite their elaborate and formal clothes. Velà ¡zquez was an assiduous courtier, eager for royal favours but his treatment of his masters is unsparing. In his only surviving battle piece, the Surrender of Breda (1634–35), the chivalrous compassion depicted in the attitude of the victors to the defeated gives a humanity to the picture almost unknown in paintings of this kind. Where he is less inhibited by his subject, e.g. in his pictures of court jesters and buffoons (notably the moving Calabazas, 1637, in the Prado), he is at his most effective in combining realism with interpretation of character. The loose brush work of the views of the Medici Gardens, two of his rare landscapes, indicate a stylistic development to which his second visit to Italy (1648–51) may have contributed. To this last period belong the masterpieces The Toilet of Venus (The Rokeby Venus, painted in Italy, his only nude, now in the National Gallery, London), the outstanding portraits of his mulatto slave Juan de Pareja (1649, New York), Pope Innocent X (1650, the subject said ‘troppo vero’), Maids of Honour (Las Meninas, 1656, in the Prado, Madrid), voted in 1985 as ‘the world’s greatest painting’ by an international panel of experts and The Tapestry Weavers (Las Hilanderas). Velà ¡zquez was a rapid but not very prolific painter: of 125 canvasses confidently attributed only 98 survive. He founded no school of painting and his genius was unknown outside Spain until the 19th century. Among painters deeply influenced by Velà ¡zquez were Manet, Picasso, Dalà ­ and Bacon.